ESG 공시기준별 중대성 평가 체계 비교 연구

This study systematically compares the materiality assessment frameworks of three major ESG disclosure standards—GRI Standards (2021), ISSB (IFRS S1·S2), and CSRD/ESRS—from the perspective of companies required to comply with multiple standards simultaneously. The analysis proceeds along four dimensions: the concept and purpose of materiality, assessment process and scope, stakeholder engagement structure, and linkage to disclosure items. The findings reveal that the three standards form a structural hierarchy in their materiality concepts—impact materiality (GRI), financial materiality (ISSB), and double materiality (CSRD/ESRS)—while exhibiting fundamental heterogeneity in assessment pro-cesses, stakeholder engagement logic, and disclosure linkage mechanisms that cannot be resolved through a single integrated process. Building on this comparative analysis, the study derives four theoretical propositions: impact materiality serves as the theoretical starting point for multi-standard integration; GRI-based impact materiality assessment can only par-tially satisfy CSRD/ESRS Double Materiality Assessment requirements; a single stakeholder engagement process cannot simultaneously fulfill all three standards; and disclosure inte-gration should be designed with CSRD/ESRS as the anchor standard. These propositions provide a theoretical foundation for future empirical research and offer practical guidance for Korean companies navigating the evolving international ESG disclosure landscape.